INTRODUCTION: This study was planned as a descriptive study for symptom assessment and determination of quality of life in 65 year old and older cancer patients.
METHODS: The study sample consisted of 106 patients treated at a university hospital 'Oncology Clinic and Outpatient Chemotherapy Unit' between December 2015 and March 2016. The sociodemographic questionnaire, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), the Quality of Life (QOL) Group and the Quality of Life Scale and the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSDS) were used in the study.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients who participated in the study is 71.6 ± 0.5 (min: 65, max: 84). EORTC QLQ-C30 subscale average scores; Overall Health Score is 41.50 ± 21.14, Functional Scale is 59.22 ± 28.08 and Symptom Scale is 38.07 ± 24.23. The most frequent symptoms that the patients had were fatigue (83%), dry mouth (71.7%) and pain (62.3%).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The mean scores of the general health score of the patients were found to be low. They often suffer from fatigue, dry mouth and pain. It has been determined that there is a positive relationship between the symptoms and the quality of life subscales of the patients and the symptom scale subscale, which is a negative correlation between the general health score and the functional scale subscales. Managing disease and treatment-related symptoms of patients will contribute to the improvement of quality of life.

INTRODUCTION: Families are often concerned that febrile seizures may have negative effects on the neurodevelopment of their children. The aim of our study was to demonstrate the effects of febrile seizure on the neurodevelopment in children using the Denver Developmental Screening Test II (DDST).
METHODS: This cross-sectional and prospective study included 28 patients hospitalized for febrile seizures during a six-month period. The children's age, sex, number of seizures, number of recurrences, and family history of seizure were recorded. The DDST was performed at admission (1st DDST) and one year later (2nd DDST). The results were evaluated in three categories as ‘normal,’ ‘suspicious,’ and ‘abnormal.’
RESULTS: The 1st DDSTs were found as normal, suspicious, and abnormal at the rates of 53.6%, 39.3%, and 7.1%, respectively. The 2nd DDSTs were normal, suspicious, and abnormal at the rates of 67.9%, 28.6%, and 3.6%, respectively. Fourteen of the 15 found as normal were normal, but 1 was suspicious. Six of the 11 found as suspicious remained suspicious, 4 were normal, and 1 was abnormal. One of the 2 patients found as abnormal was normal, the other was suspicious. There were no significant differences between the scores of the 1st and 2nd DDSTs (p=0.423).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: We found that febrile seizures were not associated with neurodevelopmental delay when using the DDST II. According to the results of this study, it may be possible to reassure parents about the normal neurodevelopment expectations for their children despite having febrile seizures.

INTRODUCTION: In our retrospective study, Ultrasound guided a novel dual injector model thyroid nodule fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) as the measurement of success.
METHODS: A total of 131 thyroid nodules were applied with ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration biopsy with a novel dual injector model fine needle aspiration. This technique was designed in a computer environment and a 3D printed dual injector model was applied to the patient group between Fab 2018-May 2018 in our clinic. Cytological diagnoses were based on the Bethesda classification and ultrasonography findings of the cases were recorded within the specified criteria.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients in the whole sample was 51,66±12,64 years. The mean size of the nodule was 24,79±7,72mm. No statistically significant difference was determined between the age and nodule size. (p>0,05). The diagnosis was incorrect in %14,50 (19/131) and correct in,%85.50 (112/131) of cases. No technical complications were observed in patients.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Ultrasound guided FNAB is an effective, reliable and easy-to-apply diagnostic method. The method and technique used to obtain samples from the correct component are important in the correct nodule and in semisolid nodules. It can be considered that the newly developed model, using more nodules and needles at different thicknesses may increase the success rate significantly.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to compare the results of the open surgical procedure used in the treatment of the trigger finger surgeon and the percutaneous relaxation and to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each technique.

METHODS: 55 patients (36 females, 19 males, mean age 54 years range: 19-77 years) were included in the study. 31 patients underwent percutaneous release and 24 patients underwent open surgery. Clinical, Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QDASH) scoring results and work start-up times were compared at 1 week, 1 month and 6 months after surgery.
RESULTS: Recurrence was observed in 1 patient who underwent percutaneous release. Three of our patients who underwent open surgery had a long lasting pain due to the wound scar. A superficial infection developed in a patient. İn terms of time to return to work and cost, percutaneous release has yielded better results.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Percutaneous release is prefable method compared to open release in term of effective, easy release, low risk of complication and low cost.

INTRODUCTION: Renal hypoplasia, is defined as kidney size under 2 standard deviations for age, although kidney is structurally normal. We aimed to evaluate the Doppler ultrasonography (US) findings of incidentally detected unilateral hypoplasic kidneys and the differences from contralateral kidneys in this study.
METHODS: Twenty-three patients with unilateral renal hypoplasia, which incidentally detected while abdominal US examinations for any reason, were included in the study. For the hypoplastic and normal contralateral kidneys, the peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the main renal artery and the resistivity index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) for the intrarenal arteries were measured with Doppler US.
RESULTS: In the study, bilateral renal measurements obtained from 23 patients were used. PSV value of the main renal artery in hypoplasic kidneys was lower than that of normal kidneys and it was statistically significant (p<0,05). There was no statistically significant difference between RI and PI measurements between hypoplasic and normal kidneys (p>0,05).
The relation between renal long axis and renal parenchymal thickness with the PSV value of main renal artery was found to be statistically significant.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Although the PSV values measured in the main renal arteries were lower in hypoplasic kidneys than in the normal side, there was no significant difference between normal and hypoplasic kidneys in terms of RI and PI values. We think that these results can be used to distinguish congenital unilateral hypoplasic kidneys from atrophic kidneys.

INTRODUCTION: Early marriage, defined as marriage under the age of 18, leads to various negative consequences such as low educational level due to school leaving, adolescent pregnancy, increase in maternal and infant mortality and morbidity, and poverty. They have also been associated with mental illnesses. We aim to determine the psychological problems experienced by early married adolescents and to determine the variables that may cause this situation regarding preventive mental health.
METHODS: We investigated the clinical characteristics, sociodemographic characteristics and mental status of 37 adolescents who married before the age of 18 and applied to any outpatient clinic in x Educational Research Hospital. The evaluation of the adolescents was done with semi-structured interview scale. Then Sociodemographic Data Form, Brief Symptom Inventory, Kovacs Depression Scale, Anxiety Screening Scale for Children were applied to all participants.
RESULTS: 48,6% of our cases were were directed by judicial authorities for an forensic report. The mean age of the cases was 16,51±0,86. Only one case was continuing their school while others were not. 89.2% of the families were in low socioeconomic level. Depression is found 37.8%, anxiety 29.7%,post-traumatic stress disorder 2.7%, bipolar disorder 2.7%, and psychotic disorder in 2.7% of total cases.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Tthis is the first study comparing the psychopatology of adolescents with early marriages who apply for a forensic report and other reasons. The significant difference in pschopathology between the adolescents asking for a forensic report and the for other purposes is taken into account, here may be the necessity for new legal arrangements concerning child marriages.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the myalgia observed as a side effect of isotretinoin used for severe and treatment-resistant moderate acne on patient quality of life and to investigate the relationship between serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels and myalgia in these patients.
METHODS: Included in the study were 216 patients between the ages of 15 and 40 presenting to the outpatient clinic. During isotretinoin treatment, the effect of muscle pain on the daily quality of life of patients with myalgia was evaluated according to the myalgia severity level (0: N/A; 1: Significant in the morning but not preventing normal activity during the day; 2: Affecting normal activity during the day; 3: Preventing normal daily activities). CPK levels of patients included in the study were screened retrospectively from their files.
RESULTS: Of the 216 patients included in the study, 124 were female, 92 were male and the mean age was 24±5.3. Myalgia was detected in 48% of the patients (n: 104). Of the patients diagnosed with myalgia, 61.5% (n: 64) were classified as 1, 32.6% (n: 34) as 2 and 5.7% as 3. Serum CPK levels were elevated in 30.7% (n: 32) of the 104 myalgia patients.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Myalgia is a common side effect that can be seen in nearly half of patients during isotretinoin use. It was determined that the myalgia observed during isotretinoin use was at a tolerable level and had nosignificant effect on the daily quality of life. Although no correlation was found between myalgia and serum CPK levels.

INTRODUCTION: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a disease that is frequently encountered in the population and affects the quality of life. This disease can cause pathological findings such as polyp, stenosis in the larynx as well as simple symptoms. In addition, respiratory function may be affected due to acid irritation in the larynx and lower respiratory tract.
The aim of this study was to investigate the alterations in laryngeal symptoms, signs and respiratory functions after the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) in patients with LPR.

METHODS: Twenty-four patients were included in this retrospective study. The reflux symptom and finding scores of the patients included in the study were noted. Pulmonary function tests of the patients were recorded. After 3 months of PPI treatment, the values were analyzed and the changes were analyzed.
RESULTS: The mean symptom score was 30.33 ± 6.53 to 10.33 ± 4.72; the mean score of the findings decreased from 10.79 ± 3.20 to 4.29 ± 2.78 (p <0.05). In pulmonary function tests, there was no significant change in parameters.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In patients with LFR, treatment with PPI decreased in symptoms and signs, but no change in pulmonary function tests. More comprehensive studies are needed to determine the effect on respiration.

INTRODUCTION: To perform retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with age-related hearing loss (ARHL) using Optical coherence tomography (OCT).
METHODS: Sixty-five patients with ARHL and 36 healthy controls were included in this prospective study. Patients with ARHL were divided into two groups—one with mild (33 patients) and one with moderate (32 patients) impairment. A complete ophthalmological examination was applied to all subjects and included best-corrected visual acuity, slit lamp examination, Goldmann applanation tonometer, visual field testing and dilated fundus examination. The RNFL thicknesses of all participants was measured using an OCT device. Pure tone audiometry tests were performedon the patients using headphones and AC40 audiometry in a silent cabin.
RESULTS: The mean age was 70.39, 70.55 and 71.22 in the control, mild and moderate hearing loss groups, respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed between the control group and patients with moderate ARHL, between inferior quadrant thicknesses(p=0.011) and between mean RNFL thicknesses(p=0.025). The superior, nasal and temporal quadrant RNFL thicknesses were similar acrossthe whole study group, with no statistically significant difference (p values: 0.104, 0.650, 0.470,respectively).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The average RNFL was significantly thinner in the patients with moderate ARHL compared to the controls. As age and the degree of hearing loss increases, RNFL thicknesses decreases.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to determine the incidence, type and distribution of congenital anomalies that were diagnosed prenatally in a tertiary center of Sanliurfa which is the city that has the highest birth rate of Turkey.
METHODS: Between January 2017 and December 2017, 68 patients who were referred to the Harran University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology for fetal anomaly or whose fetal anomaly was diagnosed in our clinic were included in this study. Age, gravida, parity, abortus, number of living children, gestational week at diagnosis, gender, type of birth and fetal anomaly were obtained from patient files and termination ethics committee records.
RESULTS: he 1631 births in our hospital were studied retrospectively. Sixtyeight fetüs with majör congenital anomalies were detected. The incidence of fetüs with congenital malformations was 4.17%, the most common isolated congenital anomaly was anencephaly. The fetüses with congenital anomaly were detected the most frequently in 21-34 age group pregnants, although it was detected rarely in pregnants group less than 20 years old (respectively 52.9 % and 19.1%, p<0.05).

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The incidence of congenital malformation in our clinic, in Şanlıurfa city that has the highest birth rate of Turkey was 4.17 %. The ekstensive use of advanced ultrasound (USG), the training of pregnants for the importance of routine antenatal care and the increase in the number of experienced obstetricians will lead to a significant reduction in this ratio.

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to evaluate the ishiofemoral (IF) space and quadratus femoris (QF) space by magnetic resonance imaging in a Turkish population.
METHODS: A total of 488 magnetic resonance images of the hip were evaluated by one radiologists to measure IF and QF distances. The data were grouped according to gender and side (right / left) and statistically compared.
RESULTS: The median value of the IF and QF space width was 25.00 (95% CI; 23.00 to 27.00) and 20.00 (95% CI; 17.00 to 22.00), respectively. There was no significant difference between the left and right side in terms of IF and QF distance (p = 0.99, p = 0.92) (Table 1), but a significant difference was found between male and female patients (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, respectively) (Table 1).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In the Turkish population investigated, the IF and QF distance was lower in women than in men. Therefore, the risk of impingement is considered to be higher in the female population.

INTRODUCTION: In this study, we aimed to discuss the cases that azygos vein were closed with polymer clip in which the cases underwent MIMcKeown esophagectomy.
METHODS: Between May 2014-May 2016, 13 cases who underwent MI McKeown esophagectomy due to esophageal cancer in our center were included in the study.
RESULTS: The mean age of the cases was 53.8 years, 10 were female and 3 were male. Tumor localization was middle esophagus in 10 cases and lower esophagus in 3 cases. While neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has received 11 cases were received 2 cases. 10 patients underwent thoracoscopic-laparoscopic oesophagectomy, and 3 patients underwent thoracotomic-laparoscopic oesophyectomy. In all cases, azygos vein was closed with polymer clip and esophagogastrostomy was performed in the cervical region. The mean operative time was 210 min. The mean hospital stay was 12.9 days. 4 patients had pathological complete response. The mean number of lymph nodes removed was 9.6. In 2 cases, chylothorax developed as a complication and one of them died on the 26th day. None of the cases had any complications and bleeding due to azygos vein.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: While In the case of esophageectomy, the use of the polymer clip in the closure of the azygous vein, which is one of the major vascular structures, does not increase the risk of complications and bleeding, superiority in terms of cost and ease of use. Therefor we believe that it can be used safely.

INTRODUCTION: Acanthamoeba species cause important diseases such as Acanthamoeba keratitis, granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and cutaneous acanthamoebiasis. In this study, we investigated the amoebicidal action of methanol and ringer extracts of Trachystemon orientalis plant on cyst and trophozoite forms of Acanthamoeba castellanii by evaluating cell viability percentage and IC50 values.
METHODS: The in vitro amoebicidal effects of T. orientalis methanol and ringer extracts prepared at different concentrations on A. castellanii trophozoites and cysts were investigated.
RESULTS: The IC50 value of A. castellanii trophozoite form at 72nd, 48th, 24th, 8th, 6th, 3rd and 1st hours were 4, 7.2, 8.7, 11.1, 14.1, 21.4, and 23.8 mg/mL with methanol extract of T. orientalis, respectively, and 8.5, 11.1, 14.4, 15.9, 20.9, 23.9 and 25.8 mg/mL, with ringer extract of T. orientalis respectively. T. orientalis 80 mg/mL methanol extract showed lethal effect for the all trophozoites at 72nd hour. The viability (%) of the ringer extract of T. orientalis at 72nd hour was 1.6 ± 0.3.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Methanolic extract of T. orientalis was found to be more effective than ringer extract on Acanthamoeba trophozoites. A. castellanii cysts showed similar sensitivity to methanolic and ringer extracts of T. orientalis. Both extracts showed greater amoebicidal activity on trophozoites when compared to cysts. Whether the concentrations explored in the existing study are cytotoxic for mammalian cells, or have toxic effects on experimental animals should be examined with future in vivo studies. Furthermore, the mechanism of action for the active substances responsible for biological activity should be investigated in future studies.

INTRODUCTION: This study is planned to determine the biases of nurses caring for obese patients and to improve suggestions for improving care quality of obese patients.
METHODS: A total of 370 nurses (95.8%) working in a university hospital who met research criteria constituted sample of this study. Data have been collected between February-May 2017 using data collection form and GAMS-27 Obesity Prejudice Scale (GAMS-27 OPS). Percent, average, standard deviation, student t, ANOVA, and pearson correlation tests have been used in data analysis.

RESULTS: Out of 69.2% of nurses caring for obese patients, only 27.6% have stated to have taken an education about obesity. GAMS-27 OPS mean score of nurses is 73.4±10.2, and 63.2% has been identified as bias inclined and 10.0% as biased. While age, gender, education status and marital status of nurses do not affect scale scores, education taken for obese patient care is determined to decrease the bias incline. It was determined that as the body mass index of the nurses decreased, the obesity bias increased significantly.


DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Study results showed most of nurses to be bias inclined, few to have taken education for obese patient care, and education to decrease bias incline against obese patients. Considering impact of training, this issue may be included in existing nursing education and in-service trainings. It may be advisable to conduct new studies in which the factors affecting the bias tendency of nurses are determined and the relationship between the reasons why nurses donot want to give care to obese patients and the bias tendencies.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between socio-demographic factors and the awereness level of mothers about antibiotic use for dental infections in children.
METHODS: A questionary form was given to mothers who referred to our clinic with any dental complaints of their children to evaluate the knowledge level about antibiotic use for dental infections. This form also contained questions about age, sociocultural status, educational level and antibiotic consumption during dental infections. For statistical analysis of the data mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage distributions and chi-square based cross tables were used.
RESULTS: 74.6% of the mothers were housewives and 25.4% were working mothers. The distribution of the mothers' educational level was 37.7% for primary school, 31.6% for middle school, 18.3% for high school and 12.3% for university level. Sixty-three of the mothers answered “yes” to the question whether they had a knowledge about unnecessary antibiotic use while fifty-one of them answered “no”. There was a statistically significant relationship between the level of education and this expression (p<0.001). In addition, there was a statistically significant relationship between employement status of the mothers and responses to the same question (p<0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Priority should be given to education of mothers for increasing the awereness of the parents about rational antibiotic use, oral health and dental infections.

INTRODUCTION: it was aimed to determine the clinical features, coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors and treatment modalities of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) cases who were admitted to our hospital and to develop strategies for prevention of CAD and to make better ACS treatment strategies for our region and hospital.
METHODS: Clinical and laboratory features of 364 patients who were admitted to coronary care unit of Yüzüncü Yıl University Cardiology Department between 01.10.2011-01.06.2012 were investigated. Patients were classified as STEMI (ST elevation myocardial infarction), NSTEMI (non ST elevation myocardial infarction) or USAP (unstable angina pectoris).
RESULTS: The female / male ratio of the cases was approximately 1/3, the mean age was 59 ± 11 years (61 ± 12 for women, 58 ± 11 years for men), the most frequent risk factors for all patients and men were hypertension (HT) and smoking, the most common risk for women were HT and diabetes mellitus (DM); 48.3% of the patients were in USAP, 14.3% in NSTEMI and 37.4% in STEMI. STEMI was more frequent in men and NSTEMI was less common in both genders than in literature.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In contrast to non-preventable risk factors such as gender, age, and family history, it is thought that the incidence of CAD and related ACS may be reduced with the control of preventable risk factors such as HT, DM, smoking and hyperlipidemia. It is thought that the traditional risk factors of CAD may be better controlled by making public health practices and preventive medicine studies more effective.

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to to evaluate the demographics and clinical features of patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis who have presented to our hospital which serves the hottest and the driest climate region in our country and also the severity of the disease.

METHODS: We retrospectively examined the examination findings of 143 patients diagnosed with vernal keratoconjunctivitis in the Bismil state hospital ophthalmology polyclinic between April 2018 and September 2018.
RESULTS: Of the patients included in the study, 106 (74.1%) were male and 37 (25.9%) were female with a mean age of 8.7 ± 3.9 (3–21) years. The disease most frequently affected patients aged 6–10 years (59 patients, 41.2%). Mixed type (81 patients, 56.6%) was the most common type, followed by limbal type (34 patients, 23.8%) and palpaberal type (28 patients, 19.6%). The most common symptoms were itching (100%), redness (70.6%), photophobia (57.3%) and watering (48.9%). The most common clinical findings included conjunctival congestion (67.8%), upper palpebral papilla (65.2%) and limbal papilla (40.5%). Mild severe type most commonly affected males (50 patients, 47.2%), while moderate type (62.2%) was seen more frequently in females. Only 7 patients (4.8%) had an allergic family history.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis is one of the main cause of ocular morbidity with different types of involvement and severity in our region especially in childhood. Hence, Patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis should be monitored and treated during seasonal exacerbations to prevent possible complications of this disease especially in hot and dry areas such as our region.

INTRODUCTION: Comprehension of the role of spleen in immune processes and definition of laparoscopic splenectomy have led to narrowing of indications of splenectomy, preferring spleen-sparing surgical approaches if splenectomy will be performed for indications other than hematological ones, and increased performing of laparoscopic splenectomy in particularly for hematological diseases.
METHODS: 204 splenectomy cases performed between 2010-2017 at the YYU General Surgery Department have been retrospectively studied with attention paid to indications and surgical techniques.
RESULTS: Splenectomy was performed for 38 cases due to trauma, 58 cases due to hematological diseases, out of a total of 312 gastric cancer surgery cases, 47 combined with gastrectomy and 23 combined with surgery for other abdominal malignancies, 8 cases due to hydatid cyst, 6 cases due to abscess, 9 cases due to spontaneous splenic hemorrhage, 6 cases due to massive splenomegaly, 4 cases due to migratory spleen. Out of 58 hematological cases, open splenectomy was performed for 8 cases due to large spleen size, laparoscopic splenectomy was performed for 46 cases and 4 cases were laparoscopic surgery that later converted to open splenectomy. For cases with other indications open splenectomy was performed for 143 cases and laparoscopic for 3 cases.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Because conservation remains at the forefront of the traumatic splenic lacerations, the most common indications of splenectomy; this group has composed 18,6% of the presented 204 cases, hematological splenectomies and splenectomies combined with adjacent organ malignancy surgeries are with increasing numbers and predominantly performed by laparoscopic method.

INTRODUCTION: Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays a role in calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is an important health problem worldwide. Some researchers have reported that vitamin D supplementation reduces the risk of venous thromboembolism. The aim of our study was to evaluate vitamin D levels in patients with DVT.
METHODS: This study was performed between December 2015 and December 2018. Vitamin D level measured patients during December, January, February and March were included in the study. Serum D 25 (OH) D (25-hydroxyvitamin) levels were measured to evaluate vitamin D levels of the patients.
RESULTS: Our study included 58 patients with DVT whose vitamin D levels were measured. There were 27 females and 31 males, ranging in age from 15 to 85 years with a mean age of 55.8 ± -17.3 years. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 50 patients and vitamin D insufficiency found in 7 patients. The mean vitamin D level was 12.7 ± 5.0 ng / mL in male patients and 12.1 ± 7.3 ng / mL in female patients. There was no significant difference between the mean vitamin D levels of women and men (p> 0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In our study, 25 (OH) D levels were found to be lower in both male and female patients with DVT. This is in line with some studies describing vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for venous thrombosis. Furthermore, the coexistence of thrombophilic risk factors and vitamin D deficiency is likely to increase the risk of DVT.

INTRODUCTION: In this study; We aimed to investigate the relationship between Mean Platelet Volume(MPV) and Platelet Distribution Width(PDW) values obtained from the initial hemogram of the patients admitted to the emergency department with the re-admission rate to the emergency department within the first 24 hours after discharge.
METHODS: This retrospective case-control study was conducted with patients that presented to the emergency service over a year. The patients were divided into two groups: The first consisted of patients who, after presenting to the emergency department and being discharged, were readmitted to the same service within the first 24 hours, second group comprised those that were not re-admitted to the emergency department within this period. Statistical analysis was performed between the groups and the ability of these parameters to predict re-admission. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: The study was carried out with 614 cases consisting of 216 patients in the readmission group and 398 patients in the control group. When the differences between the groups in terms of hemogram parameters were examined, it was determined that MPV and PDW were higher in the readmission group compared to the control group. The multivariate regression analysis revealed that MPV and PDW were significant predictors of readmission cases. According to the ROC curve analysis, MPV had 90.2% sensitivity and 22.5% specificity while for PDW, these values were 20% and 77.0%.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It was concluded that MPV and PDW could be guiding parameters in predicting cases of emergency department readmission within 24 hours of discharge.

INTRODUCTION: It is known that chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is associated with chronic kidney disease. The agents used in the treatment of chronic HBV are safe and well tolerated, but their long-term side effects are largely unknown. We aimed to investigate the effects of antiviral treatments on renal function in patients with chronic HBV follow-up.
METHODS: In this study, 156 patients who were followed-up with the diagnosis of chronic HBV in the outpatient clinic of our hospital between 2013-2019 were included. Demographic data of all patients (age, sex), anthropometric characteristics, disease duration, duration of treatment, which antiviral treatment was taken and body mass index were documented. Serum samples were taken from the patients for laboratory analysis before and after treatment.
RESULTS: While 92(58.9%) of the patients were male, the mean age of the patients was 48.47±15.1. Mean duration of disease was 91.8±13.6 and mean duration of treatment was 54.9±13.6. There was no significant difference between the antiviral groups in terms of demographic data, anthropometric measurements and liver function tests (p>0.05). In addition, there was no statistically significant difference between the treatment groups in the laboratory measurements performed before and after treatment (p> 0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In our study, there was no significant change in renal functions before and after treatment in groups receiving antiviral therapy. However, it is recommended that individuals with chronic HBV who have risk factors such as basal renal dysfunction and comorbidity accompany renal function closely during the Tenofovir treatment.

INTRODUCTION: There are not adequate studies conducted on the effectiveness of diaphragmatic breathing exercises on pyrosis and regurgitation in non-erosive reflux disease (NERD). Therefore, we aimed to examine the efficacy of diaphragmatic breathing exercise on pyrosis and regurgitation complaint in patients with NERD.
METHODS: A total of 50 patients who were diagnosed with NERD and who did diaphragmatic breathing exercises in addition to proton pump inhibitör (PPI) treatment were included in the study, and 50 patients who received PPI treatment and who did not do any exercises were included as the control group. Scoring was carried out to determine the prevalence of pyrosis and regurgitation in the first and third months of the diaphragmatic breathing exercise program. The PPI use of the patients was evaluated as not using; using one-three days a week, using four-six days a week, and using every day.
RESULTS: No differences were detected in demographic and laboratory parameters between two groups. When the effectiveness of diaphragmatic breathing exercises on pyrosis and regurgitation were compared for the first and third months; it was determined that the frequency of pyrosis was decreased at a significant level in patients doing exercise group (p<0.001). In these patients, the frequency of PPI use decreased when compared to the control group (p<0.01).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In NERD patients, there is long-term or on-demand PPI use for the symptoms. In this study, it was shown that diaphragmatic breathing exercises decrease the frequency of PPI use by reducing the symptoms of pyrosis and regurgitation in patients who have a NERD.

INTRODUCTION: Glioblastoma (GB) is a highly aggressive and malignant brain tumor. Currently there is no cure therapy for GB. Radiotherapy (RT) has an important role in the success of GB treatment. Therefore, the studies regarding with to increase the radiosensitivity of cells by applying of the combine of the molecules having chemotherapeutic potential with RT gain importance. Epigenetic mechanisms play role in both RT and chemotherapy response. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sodium butyrate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, onto the radiosensitivity when combined with RT in GB cells.
METHODS: For this purpose, different concentrations of SB (0.5,1,2,3,4,6 and 8 mM) and 8Gy RT were administered to LN-405 cell lines alone and in combination. 3D conformal technique was used in RT application. Cell viability was determined by MTT after incubation 72h.
RESULTS: It is detected that SB reduced cell viability on concentration-dependent but RT-independent. Cell viability in the 0.5, 1 and 2 mM groups of SB combination with RT decreased compared to the groups treated with SB alone 31.4%, 36.9% and 17.6%, respectively. According to the results, it is detected that SB increased radiosensitivity at 0.5,1,2,8 mM concentrations.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This study showed that SB may increase the therapeutic effects of RT applications depending on the concentration. In addition, it is the first study to increase the radiosensitivity of SB by applying 3-dimensional conformal RT procedures in terms of the method of applying RT to the cell series in which acute radiation dose is given in a single fraction.

The asymmetric crying face is an anomaly resulting from unilateral agenesis or hypoplasia of of the congenital depressor angular oris muscle. The most important finding of the disease is the absence or weakness in the outer and lower movement of the commissure during crying. Symptoms may also be present in the neonatal period. It may be isolated anomaly or associated with other congenital anomalies. In the literature, the most common cardiovascular anomalies and chromosomal disorders have been reported. It is diagnosed by physical examination and very rarely electromyelographic examination is required. In this paper, we present a one day old male patient with asymmetric crying facies not accompanied with anomalies in other systems. In such cases, although a comprehensive examination for early diagnosis and treatment is often required, diagnosis can often be made simply with physical examination.

Osteoporosis (OP), which is more common in women, is a clinical condition characterized by the deterioration of bone mass and microstructural structure of bone. Pregnancy-related osteoporosis (PRO) is a rare type of osteoporosis that occurs during the third trimester and lactation period of pregnancy. PRO is rarely seen with vertebral compression fractures and other bone fractures. In this article, a 22-year-old woman who developed GIO in her first pregnancy is presented by reviewing the current literature.

Hypertension, which can lead to serious complications, is an important health problem that is widespread worldwide. Although its pathogenesis is still not fully understood, lifestyle modification, appropriate diet and drug therapy can control hypertension. But, this treatment approach should be continued for lifelong. Therefore, various alternative treatment approaches have been developed as a hope against this lifelong treatment approach. Some fruits and vegetables such as garlic, green tea and citrus products are the main herbal products used in the treatment of hypertension.
Some of the harmful chemicals that originate from many sources may accumulate in living beings like plants. Therefore, herbal products claimed to be natural may not be safe. Especially herbal products used as tea may contain various toxic metals besides beneficial nutrients, so even serious poisoning may occur. Thus, all novel treatment methods including phytotherapy must be evidence-based and they should not contradict ethical rules.