INTRODUCTION: Parasitic diseases are rare but can affect the cardiovascular system, especially in childhood. The aim of the study was to investigate the existence of a possible relationship between seroprevalence of parasites and heart diseases.
METHODS: Diagnostic Coronary Angiography was performed for consecutively selected patients. Inthispatientgroup, Toxoplasma gondii IgG was examined for the presence of IgM antibodies through ELISA method. There sults were compared in terms of the values among these patients.
RESULTS: A total of 183 consecutively selected patient sunderwent diagnostic coronary angiography. 110 (60%) patients were male and 83 (40%) patients were female. In our study, IgG was positive in 79 cases (71.8%) of 110 men and 66 cases (90.4%) of 73 cases were IgG positive when we examined the serum according to sex in 183 patients and IgG seropositivity against Toxoplasma gondii according to sex difference was found to be significant (p<0.05). There were 20 (10.9%) persons in the 26-45 age group, 107 (58.5%) persons in the 46-65 age group and 56 (30.6%) persons over the age of 66 years. Of the patients studied, 120 (65.5%) had normal coronary arteries or minimal coronary artery disease (coronary artery disease) (Group 1), 63 (34.5%) had severe CAD, stent and / or CABG ) were excluded (Group 2).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: When the difference between IgM and IgG seropositivity in Diagnostic Angiography Group 1 and Group 2 patients was examined, no statistically significant difference was found.

INTRODUCTION: Aim of this study was to determine the second phase changes that may occur after a splenectomy; when probiotics, with proven therapeutic effects of intestinal mucosal immunity and systemic immunity, are utilized.
METHODS: Total of 56 female Sprague-Dawley rats were used and divided into eight groups. Low exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing Lactobacillus delbrueckii subspecies bulgaricus A13 strain, or high EPS producing Lactobacillus delbrueckii subspecies bulgaricus B3 strain, was orally applied to the rats pre-operatively or post-operatively. Splenectomy was performed on the 8th day of the study and cardiac blood sampling and small bowel resection were performed on the 16th day.
RESULTS: In terms of systemic immunity assay whilst there was no significant difference found between IL-6 and IL-10, a significant difference was detected between the groups in TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-4, IL-12 and IL-12 / IL-4 statistical comparisons (p <0.05).
A13 strain was observed to further increase TGF-β levels after a splenectomy, while further decreasing IL-4 levels. Also, A13 strain application in the splenectomized groups reduced TNF-α levels. TNF-α levels decreased in B3 strain treated groups; TGF-β elevation was found to be higher, and this strain reduced IL-12, IL-4 and IL-10. B3 strain was found to have a more depressing effect on IL-12 and TNF-α, than A13, in splenectomized groups.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It has been determined that splenectomy leads to immunosuppression; that probiotics –especially the high EPS producing- have an indirect anti-inflammatory effect with cytokine regulation; and that with the cytokine profiles they exhibit, they sytematically support mucosal immunity.

INTRODUCTION: For hemodialysis patients, the presence of a well performing arteriovenous fistula is indispensable. Arteriovenous fistula maturation is a difficult process and the main cause of failure in the maturation process is insufficient dilatability of the vein. To ensure a proper vein expansion, cephalic vein dilation through intraluminal hydrostatic pressure during surgery can be a useful technique. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dilation provided by pressurized saline fluid applied to the vein during the surgery for formation of autologous arteriovenous fistula to the patency and complications.
METHODS: A total of 416 patients with AVF were included in the study and examined retrospectively. The two groups were composed as; groups 1, vein dilation with Intraluminal hydrostatic pressure was applied, and group 2; vein dilation with Intraluminal hydrostatic pressure was not applied.
RESULTS: The study result repsented that the patency rate of Group 2 was higher than Group 1 at one month follow-up (P<0.004). Complication rates were similar in both groups (p=0.458).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In conclusion; despite the vein dilatation via intraluminal hydrostatic pressure during the surgery is a very simple technique, the study results suggest that it is an effective and safe method in early stage patency of AVF.

INTRODUCTION: Our country is a middle endemic country in terms of chronic hepatitis B and is an important problem in my region. In this study, we examined patients who underwent liver biopsy due to chronic hepatitis B.
METHODS: We included a total of 653 patients who underwent liver biopsy for CHB between October 2011 and March 2019 in our hospital. Demographic data such as age, sex, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotrabsferase (AST), HBeAg, Anti-HBe, HBV DNA levels were obtained from hospital automation recording system and liver biopsy results were obtained from pathology recording system.
RESULTS: A total of 600 CHB patients who underwent liver biopsy were included in the study. 216 (6) of the patients were female and the mean age was 32.5 ± 1.25 (15-78). The mean ALT value was 56.6 ± 5.42 (9-445) U / L, the mean fibrosis value was 1.6 ± 1.1 (0-6) and the HBV DNA level was 119840000 ± 483761000 IU / ml. The number of patients with normal ALT (<32 U / L) was 301 (50.1%). The pathology of 188 (31.3%) of these patients was fibrosis ≥2 and / or HAI≥6 and treatment was started.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In conclusion, liver biopsy is still the gold standard in chronic hepatitis B patients and should be considered in patients with high HBV DNA, even if ALT is normal.

INTRODUCTION: Torsion of the ovary is a surgical emergency. Future fertility is an important question for choosing the most appropriate treatment strategy as radical or conservative. Conservative treatment includes detorsion of the twisted ovary and after detorsion, the ischemic injury in ovary increases with reperfusion. During the detorsion process, abundant amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced. ROS causes cellular injury by attacking cellular membranes through the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and causing cellular death. Letrozole is a nonsteroid aromatase inhibitor that blocks estrogen production in all tissues, increases gonadotropin secretion and induces follicular development.
METHODS: In this study, rats are divided into 5 groups including 8 rats in each group; control group, ischemia group, ischemia and letrozole group, ischemia-reperfusion group, ischemia-reperfusion and letrozole group. For each group Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured, degree of ischemia and number of follicles were recorded by histopathological examination. Endometrial thicknesses were also measured.
RESULTS: In the ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion groups, MDA levels and grade of ischemia were significantly decreased with letrozole. Ovarian follicle numbers were higher and endometrial thickness was lower in the letrozole used groups.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Letrozole can be protective on ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury and this effect will be related to hypoestrogenic environment by inhibition of aromatase activity, antiinflammatory effects and increased blood flow to the ovary by letrozole.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to determine the frequency of medical application (medical app) use in emergency medical training by 6th year (senior year) medical faculty students and the contribution of these applications to learning.
METHODS: The population of this study consisted of 6th year (senior year) medical students who completed their emergency medical internship training. Online questionnaires were prepared based on literature data and experience, and the students were asked to complete these questionnaires on a voluntary basis.
RESULTS: Surveys were completed by 95 students who agreed to participate, 45 of these students who did not receive Emergency Medicine internship were excluded from the study.. Of the participants, 38.6% (n = 22) were female and 61.4% (n = 35) were male, while 56.1% (n = 32) were between the ages of 18-24 and 43.9% (n = 25) were between the ages of 25-29. Of the students, 68% thought that, compared to the other branches, medical app use increased to a greater extent during emergency medical training. It was found that 70% of the students used medical apps in the emergency room to access information such as drug dosage and indications, while 62% used medical apps to learn about ECG. It was found that 80% of the students never or rarely used applications that contained medical calculators.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Medical app use by senior medical faculty students during their emergency medical training is increasing. Students use applications on drugs, ECG and radiological evaluation more frequently, compared to applications on medical dictionary, anatomy and medical calculators.

INTRODUCTION: Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the distribution of pediatric brain tumors diagnosed in our institution according to age, gender, localization, histological type and grade.
METHODS: Materials and Methods: One hundred and nineteen children under 18 years of age, diagnosed with central nervous system tumor (CNS) in our department between 2011 january -2019 july is included in the study. Clinical follow-up was achieved through the archive files of the hospital data management system and the files of pediatric oncology department.
RESULTS: Results: Of 119 patients who had a tumor diagnosis, 57 (48%) were female and 62 (52%) were male. Age distribution was as follows: 40 (34%) cases 0-5, 36 (30%) cases 6-10 and 43 (36%) cases 11-18 years of age. Fourty-two of the cases had a tumor with posterior fossa localization. Astrocytoma was the most frequent tumor type, followed by medulloblastoma and ependymoma. Fifty percent of the astrocytomas were pilocytic variant.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Conclusion: Our results were accordance with the literature. Childhood central nervous system tumors are the most common tumors after leukemia and the type, location, size and treatment methods of the tumor are very important for survival. Surgery has a very important role in the treatment and better results will be obtained when the follow-up and treatment modalities (CT and / or RT decision) of patients and disease-related analyzes are performed and given with a multidisciplinary approach.

INTRODUCTION: Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the most common congenital heart diseases. Secundum ASD consists 80% of all septal defects. Atrial arrhythmias, paradoxical embolism, right ventricular failure, and irreversible pulmonary hypertension might be complications of untreated ASD. Percutaneous closure of ASDs is accepted as superior than surgical approach because of its lesser complication rate, lower cost, and higher success rate in long term.
METHODS: The study conducted as retrospectively. Total of 75 patients were enrolled to the current trial who were admitted to the cardiology outpatient department of Van Yuzuncu Yil University and diagnosed with secundum ASD by both transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic examinations. Patients whose aortic rim was shorter than 5 mm and atrial septal defect diameter longer than 38 mm were excluded. Qp/Qs ratio was bigger than >1.5 in all of our patients.
RESULTS: The data of 75 patients were included and the ASD was occluded successfully in 69 of 75. There was 41 women and 34 men in our study group. The average age of patients was 36 ± (18-59) years. Qp/Qs> 1,5 in 92% of all patients and other indications in the closure of ASD were the presence of thromboembolism history, impaired exercise tolerance, atrial arrhythmias, the evidence of pulmonary hypertension, and volume overload in right ventricle. The mean Qp/Qs ratio detected by echocardiographically was 1.9±08(1.29-2.6) in our patients.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The closure of ASD by ASO is superior to surgery approach because of lower cost and shorter duration of hospital stay. It is accepted as first approach in the treatment of ASD due to its higher success and lesser complication rate. However, knowledgeable operator and experienced team members are extremely crucial in the percutaneous closure of ASD and it must be considered in the decision of approach strategy.

INTRODUCTION: Introduction The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of molecular precision implant-abutment design on the maintenance of crestal bone levels around dental implants and the cumulative survival and success rates for the different types of implant-abutment designs.
METHODS: In this retrospective study, two groups of titanium alloy implants with sandblasted and acid etched (SLA) surfaces were included: (a) a new concept-platform switching and concave abutment design group provided by new generation precision molecular dental implants (n=51) and (b) conical anatomical abutment design group (n=51). All clinical and radiologic data of forty five patients who meet the the eligibility criteria were assessed for the present study. Measurements of marginal bone loss around the dental implants was performed on the standardized digital panoramic radiographs immediately after implant placement and at a mean follow-up of 37 months after loading. Implant clinical success was evaluated with Kaplan Meier survival algorithm.
RESULTS: Implant abutment design had a statistically significant effect on marginal bone loss when compared two equal (n=51) groups (p≤ 0.05). The average marginal bone loss was 0.44 ± 0.33 mm in the conical anatomical abutment design group and 0.34 ± 0.32 mm in the platform switching and concave abutment design group. The rates of cumulative survival and success of implants were 98% in both groups.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Platform switching and concave abutment profile reduced marginal bone loss compared with the conical anatomic abutment design. The new generation implant abutment design is of additional benefit in preserving marginal alveolar bone.

INTRODUCTION: As the prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continue to rise, the costs of the diagnostic strategies used to detect it have gained importance. The aim of this study was to analyze the cost of DM diagnostic strategies in a hospital setting.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study included people over 18 years old with no previous DM diagnosis that presented to the internal medicine outpatient clinic for any reason and underwent serum glucose testing between December 1, 2012 and February 28, 2013. Decision tree analysis was used to calculate weighted costs of the various diagnostic methods.
RESULTS: The study included 520 people. The prevalence of DM and pre-DM was 16.3% and 15.0%, respectively. During the study period, the total cost of all tests used was 2164.40 USD, the average cost per person was 4.14 USD, and the average cost per diagnosis was 25.46 USD. The most cost-effective strategy for the diagnosis of DM was FPG and HbA1c tests requested together, while strategies using FPG testing were most cost-effective for the diagnosis of non-DM.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The diagnostic strategies recommended in national and international guidelines are considerably less costly than many of the strategies used in our hospital. Costs could be lowered by ensuring physicians are aware of and implementing more cost-effective diagnostic strategies.

INTRODUCTION: Urinary retention and nausea and vomiting after spinal anesthesia are common problems. Urinary retention is also a frequent complication after anorectal surgery. Gabapentin and pregabalin have been used successfully in postoperative pain treatment. In this study, we aim to compare the efficacy of gabapentin and pregabalin for postoperative pain, urinary retention, and nausea-vomiting in anorectal surgery patients under spinal anaesthesia.
METHODS: The study was carried out randomized and double-blind, placebo-controlled. The 90 patients who underwent elective anorectal surgery were divided into three groups. 300 mg gabapentin in Group G (n=30), 75 mg pregabalin in Group P (n=30), and oral placebo capsül in Group C (n=30) were given orally to the patients 2 hours before surgery. Spinal anesthesia was performed at L4-L5 interspace and a volume of 4 ml of % 0,5 izobarik levobupivacaine and 25 µg fentanil injected through a 25 gauge spinal needle.
RESULTS: The number of patients using analgesics within 12 hours was statistically lower in Group G and Group P compered with Group C. There was no statistically significant difference between Group G and Group P. Urinary retention was statistically lower in Group G and Group P than in Group C. There was no statistically significant difference between Group G and Group P in terms of urinary retention. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of nausea and vomiting.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Preoperatif gabapentin and pregabalin may reduce the postoperative analgesic requirement and incidence of urinary retention in anorectal surgery under spinal anesthesia.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ellagic acid and silibinin on changes in hematological parameters caused by ultraviolet A (UVA) and ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure in the rat model.
METHODS: All of 20 rats were divided into four groups of five rats: healthy control group (C), group exposed to UV (UV), group administered ellagic acid and exposed to UV (UV+EA), and group administered silibinin and exposed to UV (UV+S). Complete blood count was performed in all rats.
RESULTS: Red blood cell count (p=0.042), platelet count (p=0.017) and mean platelet volume (MPV) (p=0.047) were significantly lower in the UV-exposed group compared to control group. There was no significant difference between the UV+EA group and the UV group in terms of these parameters (p>0.05). However, red blood cell counts were significantly higher in the UV+S group when compared to UV group (p=0.043).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: As a result, UV exposure to the body surface can create toxic effects, particularly on red blood cells and platelets, which are anucleate cells. Silibinin, which has strong antioxidant properties, may have protective effects on red blood cell destruction due to UV exposure.

INTRODUCTION: It was aimed to determine the level of knowledge of the Vocational School of Health Services students about infectious diseases, to what extent university education contributed to this level of knowledge and how this information could be increased.
METHODS: This descriptive study was carried out in 13 programs in Van Vocational School of Health Services. The research was applied in the fall semester of 2019-2020 academic year. A total of 834 volunteer students who were present at the school on the day of the study were included in the study. Descriptive statistics were used for the features discussed.
RESULTS: 67.4% of the participants were female, and 32.6% of the participants were male. The mean age of the participants was 21 ± 2.149. It was found that influenza is the most known infectious disease among participants, whereas chlamydia infection is the least known. While most of the students reported the source of information about infectious diseases as lessons at school, they also stated that these lessons were insufficient.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In this study, the curriculum of each program should be revised considering that students should have more information. It is recommended to add elective courses to departments that do not have infectious diseases courses.

INTRODUCTION: We present a modification to the Bricker technique involving 124 anastomoses in a 62-patient series, and the outcomes of the procedures that have been carried out successfully to date in our clinic.
METHODS: The study sample included patients who applied to our clinic for whom a radical cystectomy procedure was decided between 2012 and 2018. Among these patients, a retrospective evaluation was made of 62 patients on whom a diversion was performed using a modified Bricker technique during a radical cystectomy.
RESULTS: The mean duration of follow-up was 15.9±14 months, with a maximum of 59 months. There were 2 (3.2%) women among 62 patients. The preoperative stage was T3a in 5%, T2 in 56% and T1 high-grade in 39%. Among the 62 Bricker operations (124 anastomoses) carried out using the modified technique at our clinic, only one patient, who was stage T3b and who was being treated with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, developed left ureterohydronephrosis (0.8%). No stricture was observed in the other 123 anastomoses; and there were no late complications such as metabolic disturbance, stomal stenosis, pyelonephritis or lithiasis during the follow-up of the 62 patients who underwent a Bricker diversion.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: We believe that the lack of anastomotic leakage in none of the operated patients and the occurrence of stricture in only one of 124 anastomoses in 62 patients is evidence of the success of the technique.

INTRODUCTION: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the levels of satisfaction of the students in the medical laboratory department from the program, the school situation, and instructional staff and to determine the factors affecting pleasing levels.
METHODS: In this descriptive study, the universe consisted of all students who agreed to participate in the study (S=152). Two questionnaires were used to collect data: “Program and School Satisfaction”, “Satisfaction from Instructors”.
RESULTS: The results of the survey presented a moderate level of satisfaction and 18.4% of the students were satisfied with the program and school, and 14.5% were satisfied with the instructional staff. Only girls' satisfaction with program and education was found to be significantly higher (p<0.05). It was found that the satisfaction of those who did not have social security, who wanted to do so and who did not want to have unemployment problems in the future, was significantly higher than the program, school and instructional staff (p<0.01). It was determined that the satisfaction of those who thought to stay in the profession from the instructors was significantly higher (p<0.01).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The medium level satisfaction indicator of the students; the relevant parameters should be investigated. Among the students with a low level of satisfaction, they can increase their satisfaction by eliminating their concerns by examining their dissatisfaction with the program, school, and instructors more carefully.

INTRODUCTION: This study has been carried out to evaluate the environmental awareness of college students and to find out the factors that affect their awareness.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out a college between March and April, 2018. The scope of the study consist of 450 students at the high school, and 336 students are reacted by including all the scope in to the research (74.7%). Survey form, socio-demographic features of the students have been placed and the environmental awareness scale.
RESULTS: The average age of the students participated in the study is 20.78±2.48. The average environmental awareness level of the participants between the age 17-19 has been found as 51.20±9.42 while this number is 54.90±8.65 with the age group at or over 23 (p<0.05). 26.5% of the students have taken environment class at school. The environmental awareness point average of those who took environmental courses was 53.03 ± 7.97, while those who did not take 52.36 ± 9.52 (p <0.05). The students have shown air pollution as the top environmental problem in the world and the decreasing number of forests as the biggest is in Turkey.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: As the age progressed and those who received training on the environment increased, the mean score of awareness increased. It will be beneficial to have educational about the topics to increase the environmental awareness of the students.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study, individuals who have been treated at a university hospital of AMATEM service in the years 2014-2018 was conducted to examine the requested consultations.
METHODS: The study was designed as a retrospective cohort. In 2014-2018, the records of the patients (n=1392) who were asked to be consulted among the patients (n=614) hospitalized in the AMATEM ward of a university hospital psychiatry clinic were formed. In this study, sociodemographic characteristics and consultation requests of the individuals were evaluated with 12 open and closed ended questions. In the analysis of the data, number-percentage distributions, mean and standard deviation were used.
RESULTS: Individuals who were treated in alcohol and substance addiction treatment clinics, 63.7% uses alcohol, 12.7% uses multiple substance and the average age was 40.87 ± 13.85. It was determined that addictive individuals were asked to be consulted on average 1.49 ± 0.70 times and 41.4% for internal medicine, 22.9% for dentist, 18.1% for dermatology and 13.6% for neurological consultation. The most frequently reported consultation reasons were Caries (22.8%), skin rash (16.0%), infection (13.5%), liver function test (12.2%), asthma-COPD (10.7%), hypertension (7.2%) and neuropathy (6.5%). At least one drug was prescribed to 57.0% of the patients after consultation.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The holistic assessment and monitoring of physical and mental comorbidity in patients with substance use disorder is extremely important for the recovery and maintenance of health. Careful and holistic evaluation of patients and the collobrative care should be planned in all process

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to share our surgical treatment approaches to patients who undervent arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and routine hemodialysis and developed aneurysm of AVF.
METHODS: This study was designed retrospectively. Between May 2013 and November 2018, AVF aneurysms operated in patients with chronic renal insufficiency at XXXXX University Medical Faculty Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic were evaluated. The data were collected in the form of file scanning through the hospital automation system in digital environment. Patients with aneurysmatic AVF of 4mm or more were selected. The patients who underwent revision were included in the study, while the patients who had AVF cancellation by ligation were excluded. Patients were screened in terms of vascular access site, surgical technique and functionality.
RESULTS: Out of 409 AVF aneurysm which was opened to a total of 347 patients, It was determined that 37 patients (16 males and 21 females; age average: 54.24 ± 19.26 years) who developed aneurysm had undergone revision. It was understood that radiosefalik (RC) AVF was observed in 12 patients, that basillic ven outcrop were seen in 2 patients (BVY) and AVF, and that brakiosefalik(BC) AVF was seen in 23 patients. It was determined that aneurysmorrhaphy had been performed in 27 patients, plication was performed in 7 patients and 3 of the patients who underwent aneurysmorrhaphy were treated in emergency conditions due to rupture.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Aneurysmorrhaphy and plication is an effective way of treatment for the re-use of the damaged AVF in patients with aneurysm who have already limitations to the vascular access.

INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis is still a major reason for mortality and morbidity. This study aims to evaluate followed up patients with childhood tuberculosis.
METHODS: 109 applied patients were taken into this study. Personal and familial demographics, laboratory, clinical and radiological examinations and the treatments of the patients were recorded.
RESULTS: 50.5% of the patients were male, 50% of the patient were from rural area and 69.7% of the patients had low income. The smoking rate at the house was 58.3%. There was intrafamiliar contact at 23.9% of the patients and extrafamiliar contact at 2.8%. The most frequent complaints of the patients were cough and fever. The most involvement area of the tuberculosis was lungs. PPD was positive at 60.5% of the patients, whereas BCG score was positive at 44% of the patients. The most seen direct graphy and tomography findings were hillar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. 12.9% of the patients demonstrate Acid resistant bacilli (ARB) positivity with minimal method and reproduction detected at 17% of cultures. Positive results were obtained from 33,3% of the 36 patients, which Polymerase Chain Reaction was performed. In 12 case, diagnosis was made by biopsy. The adaptation of the patients to the treatment was 90% and full recovery ratio was 81.6%.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Tuberculosis is a serious public health subject within crowded and low education and socioeconomic level families. Intrafamilial and extrafamilial contacts are risk factor for children. Diagnosis ratio with culture, which is a golden standard for diagnosis, is low and because of this reason, alternative diagnosis methods are needed.

INTRODUCTION: Our aim in this study is to investigate the relationship between Helicobacter Pylori (HP) and blood group and other risk factors.
METHODS: 373 patients who underwent gastrointestinal system (GIS) endoscopy and gastric tissue biopsies were taken into the study between March-2017 and June-2018. Demographic data, risk factors, endoscopic appearance and histopathological data of all patients were documented. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of HP. Patients were divided into two groups as HP-positive and HP-negative according to the presence of HP. The groups were compared in terms of blood group and risk factors.
RESULTS: 190 (50.9%) of the cases included in the study were women and the mean age of all patients was 45.1 ± 14.9 (range: 18-86) years. HP was positive in 53.8% of cases included in the study. HP positive patients were seen to be younger (p <0.05). In addition, while there was a significant relationship between HP positivity and working status, poor hand hygiene, smoking and alcohol use (p <0.05), no significant relationship was found with the blood group (p> 0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: As a result, in this study, soso-demographic factors such as age, working status, hand hygiene, smoking and alcohol use were found to be a risk factor for HP positivity, while no significant relationship was observed between ABO blood groups and HP.

INTRODUCTION: Open surgical procedures and endovascular aortic procedures are the most feared renal injuries in abdominal aortic surgery. The presence of renal anomalies and clear localization during aneurysm repair brings surgical success. In this article, we aimed to show the importance of renal anomalies in terms of mortality and morbidity in aneurysm repair.
METHODS: Between January 2017 and January 2019, 250 patients with aortic aneurysm and CT angiography were included in the study. The files of the patients who underwent computerized contrast angiography for aortic aneurysm in ALKU Alanya Training and Research Hospital were reviewed retrospectively.
RESULTS: Bilateral renal artery was detected in four male patients; and left accessory renal artery was detected in five male and three female patients. At the end of the study, 250 patients were screened; and bilateral renal arteries were detected in 1.6%, left accessory arteries were detected in 3.2% of the eight patients.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It is important that surgeons and radiologists know the accessory arterial variations not only in abdominal aortic surgery, but also in recent years due to increased renal transplantation reconstruction, urological and radiological surgical techniques.

Measles is one of the contagious infections and is the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. It is a serious disease with high complication rate and mortality in adulthood period. Encephalomyelitis is one of the fatal complications of measles infection. In this article, we aimed to present a rare case of measles encephalomyelitis with unconsciousness and partial motor deficit during measles epidemic in our region.

Transobturatuar tape is a minimal invazive surgery in stress urinary incontinence and ıt’s succesful is over 80%. TOT’s complication is a little, nevertheless the complication is occured in TOT surgery. Two case with complication applied to us post transobturatuar tape surgery. The first patient was 48 years old women patient. TOT was performed 7and 6 years ago, respectively. They had lower urinary tract system semptoms. It was seen that the mesh was reformed by stone ın bladder by cystoscopy vision in first patient. It was observed that the mesh came out from the front wall of the vagen in genital examination.
Although, TOT is a minimally invasive surgery, complications may ocur in this surgery.

It has been reported that avulsion fractures of the pelvic ring are frequently seen in adolescents, however, to a lesser extent, they occur also in adult cases. We discussed the diagnosis and medicolegal evaluation of the anterior inferior avulsion fracture of the iliac spine in our patient who was injured because of assault. As presented in our case, pelvic avulsion fractures should be considered in the differential diagnosis in the adolescent cases in which the trauma mechanism described during the anamnesis and clinical findings detected during the examination are coherent. Since whether a bone fracture occurs due to the trauma may affect the result of the forensic, hence the judicial process, a more detailed examination of the direct radiographs correlated with the clinical findings, the consultation requests from the relevant clinical branches, and usage of further imaging techniques when necessary are particularly important for the accurate closure of medicolegal report.

Larynx cancer (LCa) is the most common malignancy of the head and neck neoplasms accounting for nearly 1% to 2.5% of all human cancers. Almost 95% of these type of cancer originate from squamous cells. Many predisposing factors have been associated with LCa, including smoking and alcohol consumption that are the most common ones. Although many therapeutic advances in the last twenty years have been achieved, the clinical outcome for cases with advanced LCa has not improved. MicroRNAs are endogenously synthesized, single-stranded and non-coding short RNAs of about 18-24 nucleotides in length. MicroRNAs, which play critical roles in the development of many diseases, especially cancers, affect important mechanisms during LCa initiation and progression. Numerous studies have shown that the changes in the expression of various tumor suppressor and oncogenic microRNAs could be involved in laryngeal carcinogenesis process. In this review, findings of recent researches revealing the relationship between LCa and microRNAs are discussed.