Aim: Investigation of the hypoglycemic effect of secale cereale L. fruit decoction extract in healthy and diabetic mice. Method: Extract of Secale cereale L., glibenclamide (as a reference group) and physiologic saline (control group) were administrated perorally to the healthy and diabetic mice induced with alloxan. Before treatment,at the first, second, third, fourth and 24th hours, blood was taken from the vena coccygea of mice and Blood glucose levels were measured. Results were tested by One-way ANOVA. Results: When compared with physiologic saline group, it was observed that Secale cereale L. extract decreased blood glucose values significantly in diabetic mice induced with alloxan at the first (p<0,05) and second hour (p<0,01), this effect was not observed at the fourth and 24th hour. Glibenclamide decreased blood glucose values significantly at the first, second and fourth hours (p<0,001); this effect was disappeared at the 24th hour. When compared with Secale cereale L., it was observed that glibenclamide decreased blood glucose values more significantly at the first, second and fourth hours (p<0,001), there was not significant difference between two groups (p>0,05) at the 24th hour. There was not significant difference in blood glucose values measurements among groups of healthy mice. Conclusion: It was observed that the decoction extract of Secale cereale L. has significantly lower effect (weak hypoglycemic effect lasting for nearly four hours) when compared with glibenclamide which was used as a reference agent.

Epidemiological studies regarding important health problems of Van city are insufficient. A cross-sectional public survey was conducted in order to determine the important health problems and provide a starting point for solutions. Centrally three local health center fields and four central villages and peripherally 9 districts and 11 villages were chosen to represent whole population of Van city. According to systematic sampling technique from 512 houses, 587 man and 1447 women, total 2034 persons were evaluated. After anamnesis and physical examination, blood was drawn and ECGs were recorded as needed. Data were recorded to PC by using program Excel v7.0®. The methods, conditions and limitations of the study were discussed. The approach of the people to such study is encouraging. More successful studies can be done with more realistic and detailed approach to technical and financial issues and with resolved methodological problems.

Aim: In this study, we aimed at performing a work which is useful for hand reconstruction surgery and other relevant departments. We also wanted to define the normal values of fingertip by this quantitative study. Method: In our study, fresh cadaveric fingertips were used. The fingertip is defined as the portion of the finger distal to plane of the dorsal and palmar skin creases at the distal interphalangeal ( DIP ) joint. This study was done on nine fingertips; four were index finger and five were middle finger. The volume of fingertip was measured with a volumetric glass eylinder. The weight of fingertip and distal phalanx and nail and soft tissue of pulp was measured with sensitive scale. The length and width of nail and nail bed was measured with a compass. The fingertip was seperated into two portions from the edge of hyponichium to major dorsal skin crease which ended laterally. The anterior part was defined as ‘ volar surface ’ and the posterior part was defined as ‘ dorsal surface ’. The area of volar and dorsal surfaces were calculated in planimetric technique. The corpuscles of Pacini were counted with stereomicroscope. Results: The mean volume of fingertip was found4.62 cm3 for index finger, 4.80 cm3 for middle finger. The mean length and width of fingernail was found15.05 and 9.75 mm for index finger, 15.36 and 10.20 mm for middle finger. The area of the volar and dorsal surfaces were calculated 795.25 and 443.00 mm2 for index finger, 852.00 and 444.60 mm2 for middle finger. Conclusion: We hope that the normal values of fingertip from this quantitative study will be useful in hand reconstruction surgery and other relevant departments.

Peritonsillar abscess, the most common deep infection of the head and neck that occurs in adults, is typically formed by a combination of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The presenting symptoms include fever, throat pain, dysphagia and trismus. Ultrasonography and computed tomographic scanning are useful in confirming the diagnosis. Needle aspiration remains the gold standard for diagnosis and treatment of peritonsillar abscess. After performing aspiration, appropriate antibiotic therapy (including penicillin, clindamycin, cephalosporins, or metronidazole) must be initiated. In advanced cases, incision and drainage or immediate tonsillectomy may be required.In this study, the files of the patients who were admitted to Department of otolaryngology, Erciş State Hospital between October 1999 and February 2002, diagnosed with peritonsillar abscess were retrospectively evaluated and diagnosis and treatment of peritousillar abscess was reviewed.

The role of oxidative stres in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was showed by studies. Recently, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was used in various diseases as a antioxidant. We investigated 60 patients with COPD and 20 normal healthy subjects. The patients with COPD divided into two groups with or without NAC treatment along with routine treatment. Pre and post treatment paremeters of pulmonary functions, blood gases and malondialdehid values were assesed. In patients with NAC treatment the mean posttreatment levels of FEVı, pO2 and satO2 were significantly higher when compared with pretreatment values. Mean MDA level significantly reduced after treatment in patients with NAC treatment, for all parameters, there is no significant change before and after routine treatment.In conclusions, NAC may be beneficial in acute exercabation of COPD due to ıts antioxidant effect. These findings should be supported by large randomised clinical trials.

Lymphangioma circumscriptum is a lymphatic malformation that involves the skin and may extend to subcutaneous tissue and muscle. Involving of tongue and lip is uncommon. Herein we report a case of 14-year-old boy with lymphangioma circumscriptum that involved lip and tongue.