In this study, we aimed to investigate the upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings and Helicobacter pylori(Hp) infection in 243 patients referred to our endoscopy unit for various upper gastrointestinal complaints. Hp infection was detected by rapid urease test (CLOtest). One hundred fourty three (59%) gastritis and/or duodenitis, 6(2.5%) peptic esophagitis, 6(2.5%) peptic ulcers, 5(2.5%) stomach cancer, 1(0.4%) esophageal cancer were diagnosed endoscopically. Hp infection was more frequent in patients with gastroduodenal lesions than in normals (75.3%, 58.8%, p<0.05). This study shows that despite high Hp prevalence, peptic ulcer disease is rare in Şanlıurfa, Turkey.

In this study, scopolamine + midazolam (to benefit from anticholinergic effect of scopolamin and setadive effect of midazolam) and clonidine + midazolam (to benefit from the α2 effect of clonidine) combinations were used in premedication and it’s aimed to investigate their effects on blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), and sedation. Thirty patients who are planned to have coronary artery by-pass grafting (CABG) surgery, are divided into two groups each consisting fifteen patients. Premedication was applied 45 min before entiug the operation room. Scopolamine (0.01 mg/kg IM) + midazolam (0.07 mg/kg IM) combination was given to the first group patients and clonidine (2 mg/kg IM) + midazolam (0.07mg/kg IM) combination to the second group. Before and after the premedicatıon, BP, HR, SpO2, RR, sedation scores and at the end of the operation the amount of oropharyngeal secretion is measured. On the first postoperative day the patients were asked if they remembered how they were brought to the operating room, and how they were given anaesthesia or not. In group I, diastolic blood pressure was significantly decreased after the premedication (P<0.05). In group II, after the premedication, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were decreased significantly (P<0.05). Sedation scores (by Cook sedation scoring system) were decreased in both groups after premedication. There was significantly more secretion in the second group compared to first group (P<0.05). Antegrate amnesia has occured in all patients. Consequently, we conclude that both combinations can be used in premedication, in patients undergoing CABG surgery.

Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor in the etiology of atherosclerotic heart disease which is an important health problem for Turkey and world. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, widely used group of drugs for different cardiovascular diseases, in healthy smokers. Thirty-eight healthy volunteers (29 man, 9 woman, mean age 36.4±5.5) smoking more than 20 cigarettes /day and 30 non-smoker volunteers (21 man, 9 woman, mean age 34.1 ± 6.1) were included in the study. For both groups HbA1c, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, insulin, urea, uric acid, ALT, AST, creatinin, Na, K, Cl, Mg, Ca, and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio were measured. While HDL-cholesterol was found to be significantly lower in the smoker group (46.7 ± 3.6 mg/dl vs 49.9 ± 3.4 mg/dl, p <0.05), urinary albumin/creatinine ratio was significantly higher when compared to non-smoker group (0.017 + 0.008 vs 0.011 + 0.007, p <0.05). There is no significant difference for other parameters between groups (p>0.05). Then smoker group was divided into two groups and one group was received 5 mg lisinopril daily (treatment group) and the other group was received placebo (placebo group). Uric acid (6.45 + 0.95 vs 5.35 + 1.22 mg/dl, p<0.05)and magnesium (2.05 + 0.33 vs 1.78 + 0.22 mg/dl, p0.05) levels were significantly reduced in the treatment group, other parameters were not changed in both groups ( p>0.05). In conclusion HDL cholesterol was reduced and urinary albumin excretion was increased in healthy smokers, with short term lisinopril treatment these changes were not reversed, and serum uric acid and magnesium levels were reduced. Effects of ACE inhibitors on urinary albumin excretion and cardiovascular risk factors in smokers and long term consequences of this therapy in terms of CVS morbidity and mortality should be investigated further.

This study was carried out to investigate the incidence of Helicobacter pylori on slaughterhouse workers and H. pylori like spiral-shaped bacteria in abomasum of the cows. In this study, 50 cow abomasum and total 60 blood sample, 30 from slaughterhouse workers and 30 from clerical workers were used as materials. Urease positivity in cow abomasum samples were 6% in fundus and 36% in pylorus. Percentage of H. pylori like spiral-shaped bacteria were 8% in fundus and 40% in pylorus after histopathologic examination. High titration of IgG were determined in 36.6% of slaughterhouse workers and 13.3% of clerical workers after serological test. In conclusion, according to our finding of this study, we may suggest that the source of infection may be zoonos as reported by many researcher, but detailed studies could be useful to reveal the reason of infection.

Surgical treatment is an important alternative in non-small cell lung cancers in view of providing a longtime recovery and curability. From 1995 to 1998, 25 patients had been diagnosed as bronchogenic carcinoma at the Thoracic Surgery Department of Yuzuncu Yıl University Medical School. Of the patients 4 were females, and 21 were males; and the mean age was 54 ( 35-67 ). 13 patients out of these patients with diagnosis of lung cancer underwent surgical operation. Histopathological diagnosis was small cell ca in % 8 (2), non-small cell ca in % 92 ( 23) ( 14 squamous cell ca, 5 adeno ca, 4 large cell ca). Of these patients, 3 patients ( % 12 ) was in stage Ib, 4 patients ( % 16 ) stage IIb, 7 patients ( % 28) stage IIIa, 9 patients ( % 36) stage IIIb and, 2 patients ( % 8) stage IV. 3 patients out of surgical operations applied group underwent pneumonectmy, 7 lobectomy ( one bilobectomy inferior). In 3 patients being found inresectable was only taken biopsy. Mortality did not occur postoperative complication developed in 3 cases. The shortest follow-up period in stage I and II cases was 7 months, and the longest period was 32 months ( mean 17.3 months) and all of them was out of problem. In conclusion, it could be said that the base of the treatment is surgery especially in stage I and II non-small cell lung cancers.

Psoriasis is a chronic, papulosquamous, inflammatory disease of the skin and affects 0.5 - 3% of the population. In this study, which was planned to determine characteristics of this disease in our region, the data were collected from psoriasis patients admitted to our hospital between November 1994 and May 1997 were used. In this period, 155 (56.36%) male and 120 (43.64%) female, totally 275 psoriasis patients consisted of 1.37% of the outpatients’ number. Mean age-at-onset was 22.83 ± 14.31 years. When we deal with attending month, patients’ number was lower in July, August, September and October compared to other months. Most of the encountered lesions were plaque type. Settlements of the lesion on extremities, trunk and scalp were in ratios of 80.72 %, 61.09 % and 44.36 % respectively. In respect of these results, psoriasis is mostly seen in males in Van and its vicinity, epidemiological data shows some similar characteristics with other studies published in Turkey and abroad.

Ureteral stones are generally small and arise from the kidney. However, primary ureteral stones usually accompany some other abnormalities such as ureterosel, neoplasm, ectopic ureter or stricture and may reach to big sizes. The term 'giant' has been used for ureteral stones that are more than 5 cms in diameter, and is rarely seen. In this paper, a case with a giant ureteral stone causing partial obstruction without prominent clinical symptom and primary ureteral pathology was reported and the sonographic, excretory urographic findings together with the related literatures were discussed. As a result, it should be taken into consideration that ureteral stones may reach to giant size without causing total obstruction, with no prominent clinical symptom and primary ureteral pathology.

The children with severe illness usually have appetite loss. They don’t want to take foods and fluids they needed daily. However, such patients must to be nourished better and take fluid and energy they required. In our article the value of acidic foods and the mixture prepared locally and known as ROS in the feeding of children with severe ilness was emphasized.